RT Book, Section
A1 Ionescu, Adrian M.
A1 Suyderhoud, Johan P.
A2 Freeman, Brian S.
A2 Berger, Jeffrey S.
SR Print(0)
ID 1102569406
T1 Cardiac Output
T2 Anesthesiology Core Review: Part One Basic Exam
YR 2014
FD 2014
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071821377
LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1102569406
RD 2024/04/25
AB Cardiac  output  (CO)  is  defined  as  the  volume  of  blood  pumped  systemically  by  the  left  ventricle  each  minute.  Physiologically,  CO  is  a  function  of  heart  rate  (HR)  and  stroke  volume  (SV),  according  to  the  following  equation:  CO  =  HR  ×  SV.  The  SV  usually  ranges  between  70  and  120  mL,  thus  producing  a  resting  CO  of  5.6  L/min  in  men  and  4.9  L/min  in  women.  Alternatively,  to  compensate  for  variability  in  body  weight  and  body  surface  area  (BSA),  CO  can  also  be  expressed  as  the  cardiac  index  (CI),  according  to  the  following  equation:  CI  =  CO/BSA.  The  normal  range  for  an  individual’s  CI  is  usually  between  2.5  and  4.2  L/min/m2.