RT Book, Section
A1 Macres, Steven
A1 Richeimer, Steven
A1 Duran, Paul
A2 Warfield, Carol A.
A2 Bajwa, Zahid H.
SR Print(0)
ID 3419510
T1 Chapter 62. Adjuvant Analgesics
T2 Principles & Practice of Pain Medicine, 2e
YR 2004
FD 2004
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071443494
LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=3419510
RD 2024/04/19
AB Traditionally,  the  opioid  analgesics  and  the  nonsteroidal  anti-inflammatory  drugs  have  been  the  mainstay  for  primary  analgesia.  Numerous  other  agents,  however,  are  available  in  our  vast  pharmacopeia  that  are  beneficial  as  primary  or  adjuvant  analgesics,  particularly  for  chronic  nonmalignant  pain  that  is  neuropathic  in  origin.  This  vast  array  of  drugs  includes  the  antidepressants,  the  anticonvulsants,  systemic  local  anesthetics,  psychostimulants,  neuroleptics,  autonomic  drugs,  calcium  channel  blockers,  skeletal  muscle  relaxants,  N-methyl-d-aspartate  (NMDA)  receptor  antagonists,  corticosteroids,  capsaicin,  cannabinoids,  and  various  other  miscellaneous  agents  (e.g.,  tramadol,  lithium,  magnesium,  neuronal  nicotinic  acetylcholine  receptor  ligands,  butyl-p-amino  benzoate,  bupivacaine  microspheres,  and  SNX-111).