RT Book, Section
A1 White, Paul F.
A2 Hadzic, Admir
SR Print(0)
ID 3497297
T1 Chapter 11. Sedation-Analgesia during Local & Regional Anesthesia
T2 NYSORA Textbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management
YR 2007
FD 2007
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071449069
LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=3497297
RD 2024/04/18
AB During  local  and  regional  anesthesia,  it  is  a  common  practice  to  administer  both  sedative  and  analgesic  medications  to  enhance  patient  comfort  during  the  operation.  Use  of  local  anesthetic  infiltration  and  peripheral  nerve  blocks  (PNBs)  techniques  in  combination  with  intravenous  (IV)  sedative–hypnotic  and  analgesic  drugs  is  commonly  referred  to  as  monitored  anesthesia  care  (MAC).  In  many  centers  around  the  world,  over  50%  of  all  ambulatory  (day-surgery)  procedures  are  performed  utilizing  these  techniques  (Table  11–1).1  When  patients  undergo  surgical  procedures  under  local  anesthesia  with  IV  sedation—analgesia  in  the  operating  room  (OR),  the  old  terminology  used  to  describe  the  care  of  these  patients  as  “conscious  sedation.”  As  the  term  implies,  conscious  sedation  was  a  minimally  depressed  level  of  consciousness  that  retained  the  patient's  ability  to  maintain  an  airway  independently  and  continuously  and  to  respond  appropriately  to  physical  stimulation  and  verbal  commands.  The  American  Society  of  Anesthesiologists  (ASA)  avoids  this  term  in  their  Practice  Guidelines  for  Sedation  and  Analgesia  by  Non-anesthesiologists2  because  it  is  imprecise  and  instead  refers  to  this  practice  of  anesthesia  as  MAC.