RT Book, Section A1 Honkanen, Iiro A1 Teixeira, J. Pedro A1 Griffin, Benjamin R. A2 Schmidt, Gregory A. A2 Kress, John P. A2 Douglas, Ivor S. SR Print(0) ID 1201808800 T1 Acute Kidney Injury T2 Hall, Schmidt and Wood’s Principles of Critical Care, 5th Edition YR 2023 FD 2023 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781264264353 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1201808800 RD 2024/11/08 AB KEY POINTSAcute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common medical condition that affects over 50% of ICU patients, and AKI requiring RRT has a mortality rate higher than MI, sepsis without AKI, or ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients.AKI does not occur in isolation, but instead has systemic effects on distant organs including the lung, heart, liver, brain, and immune system.Sepsis-associated AKI is the most common cause of AKI in the ICU. Other causes include cardiorenal syndrome, cardiac surgery–associated AKI, hepatorenal syndrome, acute liver failure, intra-abdominal hypertension, and contrast-associated AKI.Once AKI has occurred the management is supportive, including with RRT. Identifying patients at risk for developing AKI is therefore paramount for early implementation of preventive or therapeutic measures.Novel biomarkers and functional tests are useful for diagnosing and prognosticating AKI. The former includes TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 and the latter includes the furosemide stress test (FST).