RT Book, Section A1 Gottlieb, Armand A2 Go, Ronaldo C. SR Print(0) ID 1184388515 T1 Ebola and Marburg Virus T2 Understanding Crisis in Critical Care YR 2022 FD 2022 PB McGraw Hill PP New York, NY SN 9781264258710 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184388515 RD 2024/03/29 AB Ebola virus disease is caused by infection with the filovirus Ebolavirus. Five different species have been identified, and the vast majority of cases and outbreaks have been caused by the Zaire species. The Ebola virus was first recognized during outbreaks in Sudan and Zaire in 1976.1 Since then, intermittent outbreaks caused by the virus have occurred mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. The largest known outbreak occurred between 2013 and 2016, producing an epidemic in West Africa with nearly 29,000 known or suspected cases and over 11,000 deaths.1 Ebola virus disease has also proven to be highly contagious, and appropriate infection control measures have been essential in managing epidemics in Africa as well as in preventing spread where cases have been identified and managed in the United States and Europe.1 Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of supportive care are essential to decreasing both mortality and transmission of the virus. This chapter will also discuss the closely related Marburg virus, which was the first identified filovirus, but has been much less commonly encountered in recent years.