RT Book, Section A1 Hanna, Marie N. A1 Ahmed, Omar A1 Hall, Sarah A2 Hadzic, Admir SR Print(0) ID 1141738085 T1 Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia T2 Hadzic's Textbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, 2e YR 2017 FD 2017 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071717595 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1141738085 RD 2024/03/28 AB Management of postoperative pain has improved in the last few decades. In 2000, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) officially recognized patients’ rights in pain management and implemented standards for assessment, monitoring, and treatment of pain1; in 2004, the American Society of Anesthesiologists established the Pain Task Force and published clinical practice guidelines to promote standardization of procedures and the use of multimodal analgesia2; and in 2010, the Department of Health and Human Services and the Institute of Medicine agreed to promote the recognition of pain as a significant public health problem. Now, pain management has become a focus of the healthcare system and an important ethical responsibility of the medical profession. Opioids remain the primary analgesic agent for treating moderate and severe pain after surgery; however, opioid-related side effects may compromise quality of recovery.