RT Book, Section
A1 Choi, Jason
A1 Gadsden, Jeff
A2 Hadzic, Admir
SR Print(0)
ID 1141731309
T1 Local Anesthetic Mixtures for Peripheral Nerve Blocks
T2 Hadzic's Textbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, 2e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071717595
LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1141731309
RD 2024/04/20
AB Peripheral  nerve  blocks  (PNBs)  provide  numerous  advantages  for  surgical  patients  when  used  either  as  an  analgesic  supplement  or  as  an  alternative  to  general  anesthesia.  These  advantages  include  superior  pain  control  and  avoidance  of  adverse  effects  associated  with  volatile  anesthetics  and  opioids.1  However,  the  benefits  of  PNBs  are  limited  by  the  pharmacodynamics  of  the  local  anesthetic  agents  injected.  Analgesia  provided  by  PNBs  lasts  only  as  long  as  the  duration  of  action  of  the  local  anesthetic  at  specific  tissue  sites.  Typically,  local  anesthetics  are  characterized  according  to  their  latency  (“onset  time”)  and  duration  of  action.  For  practical  clinical  purposes,  local  anesthetics  can  be  grouped  into  one  of  three  categories:  (1)  rapid  onset  and  short  duration  (eg,  chloroprocaine,  procaine);  (2)  rapid  onset  and  intermediate  duration  (eg,  lidocaine,  mepivacaine);  and  (3)  slower  onset  and  long  duration  (eg,  bupivacaine,  ropivacaine,  tetracaine).2