RT Book, Section A1 Hsieh, S. Jean A2 Oropello, John M. A2 Pastores, Stephen M. A2 Kvetan, Vladimir SR Print(0) ID 1136416382 T1 Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit T2 Critical Care YR 1 FD 1 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071820813 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1136416382 RD 2024/03/28 AB KEY POINTSICU delirium is a common form of acute “brain failure” that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Delirium has a dose response relationship with poor outcomes: the longer the delirium duration, the poorer the outcome.Delirium can be missed in up to 75% of patients if a screening tool is not used, likely because of the high prevalence of hypoactive delirium.Early diagnosis of delirium is imperative for effective delivery of delirium reduction strategies. Therefore, delirium assessments should be part of the ICU admission physical exam and should be incorporated into the daily work-flow.ICU-acquired risk factors for delirium (eg, oversedation, immobilization, uncontrolled pain) are potentially modifiable and closely interrelated. Implementation of nonpharmacologic multicomponent strategies to prevent and reduce delirium on an ICU-wide scale (eg, targeted light/no sedation, early rehabilitation) can shorten the duration of ICU delirium and improve clinical outcomes.Pharmacologic prevention and treatment of delirium (eg, dexmedetomidine over benzodiazepines for sedation) can be considered for individual patients, although the efficacy of these strategies is still unclear.