RT Book, Section A1 Chiaghana, Chukwudi A1 Awoniyi, Caleb A2 Freeman, Brian S. A2 Berger, Jeffrey S. SR Print(0) ID 1135741469 T1 Hyperparathyroidism T2 Anesthesiology Core Review: Part Two Advanced Exam YR 2016 FD 2016 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259641770 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1135741469 RD 2024/04/23 AB The four parathyroid glands are two small endocrine structures usually located posterior to the thyroid gland. In most cases, each pair is found on both the right and left side of the thyroid gland, with each pair embedded in the superior and inferior poles of the thyroid gland. Occasionally, an individual may have five or six glands with one or more of these glands descending to the chest cavity. The primary function of parathyroid glands is to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), which plays a prominent role in maintaining a normal plasma calcium level.