RT Book, Section A1 Freeman, Brian S. A2 Freeman, Brian S. A2 Berger, Jeffrey S. SR Print(0) ID 1135740072 T1 Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest T2 Anesthesiology Core Review: Part Two Advanced Exam YR 2016 FD 2016 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259641770 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1135740072 RD 2024/11/03 AB Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is an established technique used during certain types of surgery in which blood flow ceases in all blood vessels while the patient’s core body temperature is lowered dramatically. Its use was first reported in 1959 in children undergoing repair of Tetralogy of Fallot. DHCA is necessary for cardiac surgery in which standard cannulation of the proximal aorta will not achieve cerebral perfusion. Circulatory arrest enables the surgeon to operate in a bloodless field with improved exposure since no cannulae or clamps are necessary. At the same time, deep hypothermia decreases cerebral metabolism and oxygen consumption, enabling a longer period to operate during interrupted cerebral perfusion. Since the brain is the organ most susceptible to ischemia, adequate cerebral protection implies that other vital organ systems should be protected as well.