RT Book, Section A1 Brown, Carlton Q. A2 Freeman, Brian S. A2 Berger, Jeffrey S. SR Print(0) ID 1135738225 T1 Cardiac Output Monitors T2 Anesthesiology Core Review: Part Two Advanced Exam YR 2016 FD 2016 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781259641770 LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1135738225 RD 2024/04/23 AB Since pulmonary artery (PA) catheters were introduced in the early 1970s, cardiac output (CO) measurement has become a readily available clinical tool for the diagnosis of hemodynamic disturbances in critically ill patients. Randomized studies have not proven that PA catheters yield improved outcomes; therefore, caution should be used prior to clinical application. As an alternative, less invasive technologies to provide CO monitoring are now available.