RT Book, Section
A1 Osterhoudt, Kevin C.
A1 Penning, Trevor M.
A2 Brunton, Laurence L.
A2 Chabner, Bruce A.
A2 Knollmann, Björn C.
SR Print(0)
ID 1127864870
T1 Drug Toxicity and Poisoning
T2 Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e
YR 2015
FD 2015
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071624428
LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127864870
RD 2023/09/27
AB Pharmacology  deals  with  drugs  and  their  chemical  properties  or  characteristics,  their  mode  of  action,  the  physiological  response  to  drugs,  and  the  clinical  uses  of  drugs.  Pharmacology  intersects  with  toxicology  when  the  physiological  response  to  a  drug  is  an  adverse  effect.  Toxicology  is  often  regarded  as  the  science  of  poisons  or  poisoning,  but  developing  a  strict  definition  for  poison  is  problematic.  A  poison  is  any  substance,  including  any  drug,  that  has  the  capacity  to  harm  a  living  organism.  The  Renaissance  physician  Paracelsus  (1493-1541)  is  famously  credited  with  offering  the  philosophical  definition  of  poisons:  "What  is  there  that  is  not  poison?  All  things  are  poison  and  nothing  is  without  poison.  Solely  the  dose  determines  that  a  thing  is  not  a  poison."  However,  poisoning  inherently  implies  that  damaging  physiological  effects  result  from  exposure  to  pharmaceuticals,  illicit  drugs,  or  chemicals.  So  each  drug  in  the  pharmacopeia  is  a  potential  poison,  and  individual  dose-,  situation-,  environment-,  and  gene-related  factors  contribute  to  a  drug's  ability  to  achieve  its  adverse  potential.