TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Fluids and Acid-Base Management
A1  - Saynhalath, Rita
A2  - Ellinas, Herodotos
A2  - Matthes, Kai
A2  - Alrayashi, Walid
A2  - Bilge, Aykut
PY  - 2021
T2  - Clinical Pediatric Anesthesiology
AB  - FOCUS  POINTSThe  Holliday-Segar  formula,  known  as  the  “4-2-1”  rule,  is  used  to  calculate  the  rate  of  maintenance  fluids.There  is  a  wide  variety  of  intravenous  fluids  that  can  be  used  as  maintenance  fluids  and  it  is  important  to  know  their  composition  to  select  the  adequate  one  depending  on  the  patient’s  comorbid  condition  and  the  surgical  procedure.Important  formulas  to  remember  when  taking  care  of  pediatric  patients  include  the  estimated  blood  volume  and  allowable  blood  loss  formulas.Adverse  reactions  to  blood  transfusions  include  non-immune-mediated  and  immune-mediated  reactions.The  acid-base  balance  in  the  body  is  regulated  by  the  lungs  and  the  kidneys,  via  buffer  systems.It  is  essential  to  be  able  to  interpret  the  results  of  an  arterial  blood  gas  to  diagnose  acidosis  or  alkalosis  and  differentiate  between  a  metabolic  or  respiratory  etiology.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw Hill
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/24
UR  - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1176457555
ER  -