TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - NMDA Receptor Antagonism in Pain Therapy
A1  - DeBonet, Alexander F.
A2  - Bajwa, Zahid H.
A2  - Wootton, R. Joshua
A2  - Warfield, Carol A.
PY  - 2016
T2  - Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine, 3e
AB  - The  synapse  between  the  primary  afferent  and  secondary  afferent  neurons  in  the  dorsal  horn  of  the  spinal  cord  is  a  critical  site  for  the  modulation  of  ascending  pain  pathways.  Glutamate  is  the  primary  excitatory  amino  acid  (EAA)  involved  in  excitation  of  the  secondary  afferent  neuron  and  is  primarily  stored  in  the  presynaptic  vesicles  of  the  primary  afferent  neuron.  Upon  membrane  depolarization,  glutamate  is  released  and  targets  postsynaptic  receptors,  which  can  be  either  metabotropic  or  ionotropic.  Ionotropic  glutamate  receptors  are  ligand-gated  channels  that  regulate  ion  conductance  of  calcium  and  sodium.  There  are  three  major  subclasses  of  ionotropic  receptors:  a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic  acid  (AMPA),  kainate,  and  N-methyl-D-aspartate  (NMDA).  The  discovery  of  several  pharmacologic  agents,  beginning  with  compound  (+)  MK-801,  that  are  highly  selective  antagonists  for  specific  subtypes  of  glutamate  receptors  has  helped  clarify  the  characteristics  and  functions  of  the  various  glutamate  receptors  and  in  particular  the  role  of  the  NMDA  calcium  channel  in  the  central  nervous  system  (CNS).1  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1131937376
ER  -