TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 25. Diabetes Mellitus A1 - Wu, Jennifer A1 - Atchabahian, Arthur A2 - Atchabahian, Arthur A2 - Gupta, Ruchir Y1 - 2013 N1 - T2 - The Anesthesia Guide AB - Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintPathophysiologyType 1Type 2GestationalIncidence0.4% of population in 20057% of population in 20054% of pregnant womenOnsetTypically before age 30Increases with increasing ageRisk factorsGenetics, environmentalObesity, geneticsObesityPathophysiologyAutoimmune destruction of beta cells, resulting in insulin deficiencyInsulin resistance, increased glucose productionSomatomammotropin causes insulin resistanceComplicationDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)Hyperglycemic–hyperosmolar nonketotic comaCongenital abnormalities, stillbirthOutcomeOcular: cataracts, retinopathy, blindnessVascular: coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular diseaseRenal: leading cause of renal failure in the United StatesNeurologic: peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathyGI: delayed gastric emptyingNB: HTN accelerates microangiopathy and macroangiopathyMost resolve postpartum30–60% chance of developing diabetes postpregnancy later in life SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=57260602 ER -