TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Capillaries and Lymphatics
A1  - McDonough, Kathleen H.
A1  - Hall, Stanley M.
A2  - Levitzky, Michael
A2  - McDonough, Kathleen
A2  - Kaye, Alan David
A2  - Hall, Stanley
Y1  - 2021
N1  - 
T2  - Clinical Physiology in Anesthetic Practice
AB  - The  main  function  of  the  cardiovascular  system  occurs  at  the  capillaries.  Exchange  of  metabolic  substrates  and  waste  products  occurs  across  the  thin-walled  capillary  endothelium.  This  function  is  well  suited  to  the  capillaries  not  only  because  of  the  low  diffusion  distances  across  the  capillary  (most  cells  are  only  20-30  micrometers  (um)  from  a  capillary),  but  also  because  blood  flow  velocity  is  lowest  in  the  capillaries  and  the  capillaries  present  a  very  large  surface  area  for  exchange.  Different  capillary  beds  have  different  types  of  endothelium,  that  is,  continuous  endothelium  with  tight  junctions  between  cells;  fenestrated  endothelium  with  openings  or  “windows”  within  the  cells;  and  discontinuous  endothelium  with  large  openings  between  cells  (Figure  18-1).  Therefore  the  structure  of  the  capillary  wall  will  affect  transport  across  the  walls,  especially  transport  of  large  molecules.  Tissue  function  is  directly  related  to  tissue  capillary  structure.  The  brain  capillary  endothelial  cells  have  tight  junctions  to  help  prevent  transfer  of  many  blood-borne  molecules  into  the  brain.  Liver  and  the  gastrointestinal  tract  on  the  other  hand  are  functioning  in  transport  of  molecules  into  and  out  of  the  circulation  and  therefore  have  capillary  endothelial  cells  that  are  fenestrated  or  discontinuous.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw Hill
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/23
UR  - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1175534382
ER  -