TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Anesthesia for Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
A1  - Wasnick, John D.
A1  - Nicoara, Alina
Y1  - 2019
N1  - 
T2  - Cardiac Anesthesia and Transesophageal Echocardiography, 2e
AB  - The  incidence  of  congenital  heart  defects  is  approximately  8  in  1000  births.1  Over  the  course  of  the  past  decades  survival  of  children  with  congenital  heart  disease  (CHD)  has  improved.  Today,  adults  frequently  present  for  routine  general  surgery  and  obstetric  care  after  having  had  various  congenital  cardiac  surgical  repairs  in  childhood.  Unfortunately,  the  frequently  multistaged  surgical  repairs  necessary  to  improve  survival  in  children  often  result  in  complex  cardiac  physiology  in  adulthood.  Knowledge  of  the  anatomy  of  the  original  structural  defect  and  the  repairs  undertaken  is  essential  in  the  choice  of  appropriate  monitoring  and  anesthetic  techniques  for  otherwise  routine  procedures.  Moreover,  CHD  patients  may  require  additional  heart  surgery  and/or  cardiac  transplantation  later  in  life.  For  children  with  CHD  identification  of  those  patients  at  highest  risk  for  anesthesia  complications  is  critical.  Such  children  include  those  with  a  functional  single  ventricle,  children  with  suprasystemic  pulmonary  hypertension,  children  with  left  ventricular  outflow  tract  obstruction,  and  lastly  patients  with  dilated  cardiomyopathy.2  This  chapter  highlights  the  anatomy,  physiology,  and  correction  of  common  congenital  heart  defects.  In  general,  surgical  repairs  are  directed  at  ensuring  the  delivery  of  oxygenated  blood  to  the  systemic  tissues  and  eliminating  communications  between  the  right  and  left  heart.  Of  course,  for  some  CHD  patients  the  distinction  of  which  is  the  right  heart  and  which  is  the  left  heart  may  not  be  entirely  clear.  Consequently,  when  considering  the  CHD  patient,  tracing  the  flow  of  blood  through  the  chambers  of  the  heart  into  the  circulation  and  back  again  provides  the  basis  toward  acquiring  an  understanding  of  CHD.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1166981198
ER  -