TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy A1 - Teplick, Richard A1 - Calderon, Eduardo A1 - Kelley Tyler, Shannon A1 - Vande Waa, John A2 - Longnecker, David E. A2 - Mackey, Sean C. A2 - Newman, Mark F. A2 - Sandberg, Warren S. A2 - Zapol, Warren M. Y1 - 2017 N1 - T2 - Anesthesiology, 3e AB - KEY POINTSAntimicrobial therapy should be based on infection site, host defenses, antibiotic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and local microbial susceptibility patterns.Antibiotic use, especially of broad-spectrum drugs, is often inappropriate and may lead to microbial resistance. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) encourage the development of formal antibiotic stewardship programs to encourage the judicious use of antibiotics and minimize adverse events.The term catheter-associated infection, which indirectly associates a bloodstream infection with the current or recent presence of a catheter, is designed for surveillance, whereas a catheter-related bloodstream infection is directly attributable to a catheter.The optimal location to avoid a catheter-related infection is controversial, although most data favor subclavian placement. In hospitalized patients, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines have infection rates similar to those for central catheter placement in other locations.Bacteria causing ventilator-associated pneumonia are similar to those in other hospitalized patients. The efficacy of “bundles” for their prevention is controversial.Prophylactic antibiotics for surgery should be administered for all clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds as well as for hysterectomies and most invasive urologic procedures. With a few exceptions, they should be discontinued within 24 hours. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/11/03 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1144113809 ER -