TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Caudal Anesthesia
A1  - Candido, Kenneth D.
A1  - Tharian, Anthony R.
A1  - Winnie, Alon P.
A2  - Hadzic, Admir
Y1  - 2017
N1  - 
T2  - Hadzic's Textbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, 2e
AB  - Caudal  anesthesia  was  described  at  the  turn  of  last  century  by  two  French  physicians,  Fernand  Cathelin  and  Jean-Anthanase  Sicard.  The  technique  pre-dated  the  lumbar  approach  to  epidural  block  by  several  years.1  Caudal  anesthesia,  however,  did  not  gain  in  popularity  immediately  following  its  inception.  One  of  the  major  reasons  caudal  anesthesia  was  not  embraced  is  the  wide  anatomical  variations  of  sacral  bones  and  the  consequent  failure  rate  associated  with  attempts  to  locate  the  sacral  hiatus.  The  failure  rate  of  5%  to  10%  made  caudal  epidural  anesthesia  unpopular  until  a  resurgence  of  interest  in  the  1940s,  led  by  Hingson  and  colleagues,  who  used  it  in  obstetrical  anesthesia.  Caudal  epidural  anesthesia  has  many  applications,  including  surgical  anesthesia  in  children  and  adults,  as  well  as  the  management  of  acute  and  chronic  pain  conditions.  Success  rates  of  98%–100%  can  be  achieved  in  infants  and  young  children  before  the  age  of  puberty,  as  well  as  in  lean  adults.1  The  technique  of  caudal  epidural  block  in  pain  management  has  been  greatly  enhanced  by  the  use  of  fluoroscopic  guidance  and  epidurography,  in  which  high  success  rates  can  be  attained.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1141733352
ER  -