TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Vertebral Augmentation A1 - Chandra, Ronil V. A1 - Shah, Vinil A1 - Leslie-Mazwi, Thabele M. A1 - Rabinov, James D. A1 - Yoo, Albert J. A1 - Hirsch, Joshua A. A2 - Bajwa, Zahid H. A2 - Wootton, R. Joshua A2 - Warfield, Carol A. Y1 - 2016 N1 - T2 - Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine, 3e AB - KEY POINTSVertebral compression fractures are a common cause of pain and loss of independence in middle-aged and elderly adults.Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are minimally invasive, image-guided vertebral augmentation procedures that involve the injection of cement into a fractured vertebral body. The primary goal of augmentation is pain relief and enhanced functional status with the secondary goals of vertebral body stabilization in cases of fracture.Although two recent high-profile trials in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) found no benefit to vertebroplasty, more recent randomized controlled trials of vertebral augmentation versus conservative therapy for both osteoporotic and malignant fractures have demonstrated significant improvements in back pain, reduction in disability, and improvement in quality of life in favor of vertebral augmentation.Complications are rare and generally result from unrecognized extraosseous leakage of the injected cement. These include radiculopathy, paralysis, and pulmonary embolism. These risks can be minimized and vertebral augmentation safely performed by experienced operators using high-quality imaging, preferably with biplane fluoroscopy. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/11/09 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1131938907 ER -