TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Sepsis and Immunoparalysis A1 - Myrianthefs, Pavlos M. A1 - Karabatsos, Elias A1 - Baltopoulos, George J. A2 - Hall, Jesse B. A2 - Schmidt, Gregory A. A2 - Kress, John P. PY - 2015 T2 - Principles of Critical Care, 4e AB - Current paradigms of sepsis include both pro- and anti-inflammatory pathway activation to different degrees and at different phases of the syndrome.Failure to recognize and understand the dynamic changes in immune response in sepsis may in part explain the failure of a number of anti-inflammatory drugs and biologics studied in critically ill patients.The anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressed state associated with sepsis and other forms of critical illness is often protracted and places patients at risk for complicating nosocomial infections and activation of latent infections.When clinically significant, the anti-inflammatory state associated with sepsis is termed immunoparesis or immunoparalysis.Cell and humoral biomarkers are needed to properly characterize the individual patient’s immune status to guide targeted and personalized therapy to modulate both excessive immune stimulation as well as immune suppression. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/15 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1107719756 ER -