TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 10. Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac Masses A1 - Wasnick, John D. A1 - Hillel, Zak A1 - Kramer, David A1 - Littwin, Sanford A1 - Nicoara, Alina PY - 2011 T2 - Cardiac Anesthesia and Transesophageal Echocardiography AB - Previous chapters have discussed how fixed obstructions to blood flow through the heart can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Aortic and mitral stenosis are two examples of lesions, which may prevent the heart from effectively pumping blood. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) likewise can prevent the heart from pumping blood but in a dynamic rather than fixed way. With each beat the hypertrophied septum of the HCM patient together with the anterior mitral valve leaflet prevent the heart from ejecting blood as they obstruct the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) (Figure 10–1). Hence, this condition in the past was known as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Failure to eject enough blood from the heart leads to syncope, dyspnea, and, at times, sudden death. Figure 10–1.Graphic Jump LocationView Full Size||Download Slide (.ppt)The midesophageal long-axis view is presented here in outline form. As a consequence of the hypertrophied interventricular septum, flow patterns within the heart are altered such that the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is drawn during ventricular systole into the LVOT producing obstruction. This is known as systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (SAM).Although rare, cardiac tumors and other masses can interfere with valve function, produce emboli, and dynamically obstruct blood flow through the heart and prevent ejection into the systemic circulation. This chapter will examine these different conditions, which are nonetheless linked by their dynamic ability to prevent the heart from properly functioning. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=8551043 ER -