TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 203. ICU Ventilator Modes A1 - Parizianu, Constantin A1 - Kohli-Seth, Roopa A2 - Atchabahian, Arthur A2 - Gupta, Ruchir PY - 2013 T2 - The Anesthesia Guide AB - Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintTidal volume (VT)Initially choose 8–10 mL/kg IBWAvoid high volumes to prevent barotrauma↑VT = ↑ MV and ↓ Paco2 and ↑ pHIf ARDS/ALI is present, use 6 mL/kg IBWRespiratory rate (RR)12–14 breaths/min usually adequate↑ RR = ↑ MV and ↓ Paco2 and ↑ pH, but beyond a certain point, dead space ventilation and risk of breath stackingFraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)Start at 1.0 and taper down quickly to achieve a goal Pao2 of >60 mm Hg and O2 saturation of >90%Inspiratory flowUsually 40–60 L/min↑ Flow = ↓ inspiratory time and ↑ expiratory time, thus ↓ I:E ratioUseful in obstructive airways disease to decrease auto-PEEP, be careful though about the increase in peak airway pressurePositive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)Typically set at 5 cm H2O↑ PEEP (up to 20–24 cm H2O) = ↑ oxygenation in ALI/ARDSMay lead to decreased venous return/hypotension, increased plateau pressure/barotrauma, may increase ICP (in theory) IBW, ideal body weight; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ALI, acute lung injury; I:E ratio, inspiratory to expiratory ratio; ICP, intracranial pressure. SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/11/04 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=57263624 ER -