TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - The TEE Probe A1 - Sivak, Joseph A. A1 - Rivera, Jose A1 - Samad, Zainab A2 - Mathew, Joseph P. A2 - Nicoara, Alina A2 - Ayoub, Chakib M. A2 - Swaminathan, Madhav PY - 2018 T2 - Clinical Manual and Review of Transesophageal Echocardiography, 3e AB - Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) presents a unique opportunity to overcome the limitations posed by chest wall acoustic windows while allowing visualization of cardiac structures with greater spatial resolution. Since its first reported use to evaluate intracardiac flow in 1971 and to visualize cardiac structures in 1976, the TEE probe has undergone remarkable technological advancement in terms of imaging capability and probe structure and design.1,2 The TEE probe used by Frazin et al1 consisted of an M-mode transducer attached to a coaxial cable. Souquet et al3 then reported successful use of a phased array transducer attached to the end of a gastroscope, which, in addition to producing two-dimensional images, allowed for finer control of the transducer position by using the flexion and angling controls akin to a gastroscope. The biplane transducer was then introduced in 1984, followed by the multiplane transducer in 1992.4 Consistent technological developments, including the introduction of a flexible endoscope, probe temperature regulation, miniaturization, transducer design, addition of color and spectral Doppler, and three-dimensional imaging, have led to the widespread adoption of TEE in clinical care. Currently TEE accounts for approximately 5% to 10% of echocardiographic procedures.5 SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1171724920 ER -