TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Treatment of Viral Hepatitis (HBV/HCV) A1 - Kiser, Jennifer J. A1 - Flexner, Charles W. A2 - Brunton, Laurence L. A2 - Hilal-Dandan, Randa A2 - Knollmann, Björn C. PY - 2017 T2 - Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 13e AB - Hepatitis viruses cause inflammation and necrosis of the liver. Hepatitis A and E, which are transmitted via the fecal-oral route, are typically self-limiting, although a small percentage (1%–2%) of those infected will develop fulminant hepatic failure. HBV, HCV, and hepatitis D viruses, however, are transmitted parenterally. Hepatitis B and C may or may not cause symptoms of acute infection, but both may progress to chronic infection. Individuals with chronic hepatitis B or C infection are at risk for cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are two notable differences between HBV and HCV. First, HBV is a vaccine-preventable illness, whereas there is no vaccine available to prevent HCV. Second, HCV can be cured with effective treatment, whereas the current treatments for HBV are not completely curative. The hepatitis D virus is defective and requires the presence of the HBV to propagate. Individuals coinfected with hepatitis B and D are at greater risk for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma compared with individuals with only hepatitis B infection, but fortunately only about 5% of individuals with HBV are coinfected with hepatitis D. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1162546045 ER -