TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Shock: Diagnosis and Management A1 - Doerschug, Kevin C. A1 - Schmidt, Gregory A. A2 - Oropello, John M. A2 - Pastores, Stephen M. A2 - Kvetan, Vladimir PY - 1 T2 - Critical Care AB - KEY POINTSShock is acute circulatory failure threatening multiple organ systems and demands prompt diagnosis and urgent resuscitation.The main types of shock are hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and distributive shock.Shock must be managed rapidly by identifying and treating acute, reversible causes; restoring intravascular volume; infusing vasoactive drugs; using mechanical adjuncts, when applicable; and supporting vital functions until recovery.Bedside goal-directed echocardiography should be performed to clarify or confirm the etiology of shock; identify readily treatable contributors (such as tension pneumothorax or cardiac tamponade); and seek clues to fluid responsiveness.A comprehensive assessment of the adequacy of perfusion is useful to guide resuscitation, rather than merely aiming for an arbitrary mean arterial pressure. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/08 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1136413997 ER -