TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Physical Modalities, Orthoses, and Assistive Devices
A1  - Yang, Aaron J.
A1  - Stanos, Steven
A2  - Bajwa, Zahid H.
A2  - Wootton, R. Joshua
A2  - Warfield, Carol A.
PY  - 2016
T2  - Principles and Practice of Pain Medicine, 3e
AB  - Modalities  are  commonly  used  to  produce  a  response  in  tissues  and  include  heat,  water,  cold,  sound,  and  electricity.  These  modalities  should  not  be  used  as  the  primary  mode  of  treatment  but  rather  used  in  adjunct  with  the  main  intervention  such  as  physical  or  occupational  therapy.  This  chapter  will  discuss  the  more  common  modalities  used  as  well  as  briefly  discussing  electrical  stimulation.  Box  97-1  describes  factors  to  consider  prior  to  selection  of  a  specific  therapeutic  modality.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/17
UR  - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1131939396
ER  -