TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Ventricular Assist Devices A1 - Dao, Hiep A2 - Freeman, Brian S. A2 - Berger, Jeffrey S. PY - 2016 T2 - Anesthesiology Core Review: Part Two Advanced Exam AB - Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are increasingly being placed in patients with severe heart failure and cardiogenic shock. LVADs are essentially artificial hearts that assist the circulation and used to treat patients with advanced heart failure. These patients have deteriorating New York Heart Association class IV heart failure despite inotropic and/or intra-aortic balloon pump support, usually with end-organ dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fractions less than 25% and maximum oxygen consumption less than 15 mL/kg/min). SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/08 UR - accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1135740135 ER -