Goldenhar Syndrome: Common birth defect of
vascular origin involving first and second branchial arch derivatives,
resulting mainly in hemifacial microsomia with absent ear, eye, and
vertebral anomalies. Usually associated with cardiovascular anomalies,
including ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus
arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, and coarctation of the aorta. Arnold-Chiari
syndrome and hydrocephalus have been reported. Severe to major anesthetic
implications, especially the airway (unilateral hypoplasia of the facial
bones and muscles). Epibulbar dermoids. Limited mouth opening, micrognathia,
cleft palate.