Sandifer Syndrome

Association of torsional dystonia, mainly involving the neck and upper extremities, with either esophageal reflux or hiatus hernia. During paroxysmal dystonic posture crisis, opisthotonos may be present.

Sandifer Complex.

Incidence is unknown, although there is some suggestion that it occurs in less than 1% of children with gastroesophageal reflux.

Torsional dystonia occurs shortly after feeding for 1 to 3 minutes (commonly mistaken for seizures). A relationship with feeding may suggest a diagnosis of Sandifer syndrome.

No particular anesthetic consideration is known, however the disorder should be known because of its possible confusion with seizures. Rapid sequence induction is recommended for these patients because of gastric reflux. Postoperative administration of antacid medication is useful.