Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content + At a Glance Download Section PDF Listen ++ Genetically transmitted anomaly of nails (presence of white nails). + Synonyms Download Section PDF Listen ++ Gorlin Bushkell Jensen Syndrome; Porcelain Nails Disease. + Incidence and Genetic Inheritance Download Section PDF Listen ++ Incidence is unknown. Inherited as an autosomal dominant; however, an autosomal recessive inheritance as been suggested. + Pathophysiology Download Section PDF Listen ++ Incomplete keratinization in the intermediate part of the nail plate. + Clinical Aspects Download Section PDF Listen ++ Clinical presence of completely white nails, together with histologic evidence of a defect in the nail plate. Leukonychia totalis, koilonychia, multiple sebaceous cysts, renal calculi. + Anesthetic Considerations Download Section PDF Listen ++ No specific precautions before anesthesia and perioperative considerations except for patients receiving chronic corticosteroid therapy, in whom intraoperative supplementation might be required. + Other Conditions to Be Considered Download Section PDF Listen ++ See Table L-2 comparing leukonychia and other nail discoloration syndromes. + References Download Section PDF Listen ++Claudel CD, Zic JA, Boyd AS: Idiopathic leukonychia totalis and partialis in a 12-year-old patient. J Am Acad Dermatol 44(suppl):379, 2001. ++Frydman M, Cohen HA: Leukonychia totalis in two sibs. Am J Med Genet 47:540, 1993. [PubMed: 8256820]