Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content ++ Allowable blood loss (ABL): weight (kg) × EBV × (Hinitial − Hfinal)/ Havg. ++ Total body deficit of HCO3: weight (kg) × (deviation from 24) × ECF. ++ Anion gap: Na + (Cl + HCO3). ++ Normal 8–16. ++ ++Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintPerfusion to Various Body CompartmentsCompartmentBody mass in adults (%)Cardiac output (%)Vessel-rich group (brain, heart, liver, kidneys)1075Muscles5019Fat205Vessel-poor group (bone, tendons)201 ++Table Graphic Jump LocationTable 220-1 Respiratory Formulae and EquationsView Table||Download (.pdf)Table 220-1 Respiratory Formulae and EquationsFick equation: VO2 (O2 consumption) (N: 250 mL/min)CO × (CaO2 − CvO2)CO: cardiac outputCaO2: arterial oxygen contentCvO2: venous oxygen contentAlveolar gas equationPAO2 = (PB − 47)FiO2 − PaCO2/RQPB: barometric pressurePA: alveolar pressureRQ: respiratory quotient (0.8 on a typical diet)Pa: arterial pressureFiO2: fraction of inspired O2A–a gradientPAO2 − PaO2O2 content (N: 20 mL O2/dL)CaO2 = 1.39(Hb × SaO2) + (PaO2 × 0.003)CaO2: arterial oxygen contentPaO2: arterial oxygen contentHb: hemoglobinShunt fraction (N: 5%)CćO2: end capillaryO2 contentCaO2: arterial oxygen content: mixed venous oxygen contentOxygen delivery (N: 400–660 mL/min/m2)DO2 = CO × CaO2Oxygen extraction(CaO2 − C)/CaO2Bohr's equation (physiologic dead space)Normal 25–30%: mixed expired CO2CompliancePAP: peak airway pressurePplat: plateau pressureTime constant definitionTotal compliance × airway resistanceFractional SaO2SaO2: oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the arterial bloodLaplace's lawT =PR/WT: tensionW: wall thicknessBoyle's lawPfVf =P0V0, i.e., the PV product is constantT: temperatureP: pressureV: volumeIdeal gas lawPV =nRTP: pressureV: volumen: number of moles of gasR: universal gas constant = 8.31 J/moles/kgT: temperature Adapted from Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, Table 13-3. ++Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintCardiac FormulaeParameterFormulaNormal rangeCardiac indexCO/BSA2.2–4.2 L/min/m2Stroke volume indexSV/BSA40–70 mL/beats/m2Left ventricular stroke work indexSI × 0.0136(MAP − PAOP)46–60 g m/beat/m2Right ventricular stroke work indexSI × 0.0136(PA − CVP)30–65 g m/beat/m2Stroke volumeCO × 1,000/HR40–80 mLPulmonary artery systolic pressureMeasured20–30 mm ... Your Access profile is currently affiliated with '[InstitutionA]' and is in the process of switching affiliations to '[InstitutionB]'. Please click ‘Continue’ to continue the affiliation switch, otherwise click ‘Cancel’ to cancel signing in. Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Forgot Password? Forgot Username? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth