The maxillary artery is a terminal branch of the external carotid artery, courses anteriorly through the infratemporal fossa, traverses the pterygomaxillary fissure, and enters the pterygopalatine fossa (Figure 22-1E and F). The maxillary artery supplies the maxilla, maxillary teeth, and palate before traversing the sphenopalatine foramen to terminate in the nasal cavity. The major branches of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa are as follows: