RT Book, Section
A1 Lin, Edward C.
A2 Atchabahian, Arthur
A2 Gupta, Ruchir
SR Print(0)
ID 57260413
T1 Chapter 13. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
T2 The Anesthesia Guide
YR 2013
FD 2013
PB The McGraw-Hill Companies
PP New York, NY
SN 978-0-07-176049-2
LK accessanesthesiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=57260413
RD 2024/04/20
AB Syndrome  characterized  by  sleep-induced  relaxation  of  pharyngeal  muscle  tone  leading  to  upper  airway  obstructionRisk  factors  include  obesity,  tonsillar  hypertrophy,  craniofacial  abnormalities  (e.g.,  micrognathia),  ingestion  of  alcohol/sedatives,  male  gender,  and  middle  ageSigns  and  symptoms:  snoring,  observed  apnea  during  sleep,  daytime  somnolence,  difficulty  concentrating,  morning  headacheAssociated  findings  may  include  episodic  hypoxemia,  hypercarbia,  polycythemia,  hypertension,  pulmonary  hypertension,  RV  failure“Gold  standard”  test  is  polysomnographySeverity  may  be  measured  by  the  apnea/hypopnea  index  (AHI),  the  number  of  apneic  or  hypopneic  events  per  hour:Mild—5–20Moderate—21–40Severe—>40Treatment  is  essentially  medical  (nasal  CPAP)  and  reduces  the  incidence  and  severity  of  CV  complications.  Surgical  treatment  (UPPP,  turbinectomy,  septoplasty,  etc.)  is  only  an  adjuvant